与超级基金优先名单上有害物质排放相关的健康影响。

Health effects related to releases of hazardous substances on the Superfund priority list.

作者信息

Hall H I, Price-Green P A, Dhara V R, Kaye W E

机构信息

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.

出版信息

Chemosphere. 1995 Jul;31(1):2455-61. doi: 10.1016/0045-6535(95)00115-o.

DOI:10.1016/0045-6535(95)00115-o

PMID:7670859

Abstract

The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry maintains an active, state-based surveillance system to record the public health consequences of hazardous substance releases. During 1992, the 9 participating states reported 1,876 events; 80% of the events occurred at fixed facilities, and 20% were transportation related. The most frequently released substances were volatile organic compounds, acids, herbicides, and ammonia. In 263 events, 600 people were injured and 4 died. Employees were injured more frequently (71%) than first responders or the general public. The most frequently reported injuries were respiratory and eye irritation. Evacuations occurred in 13% of the events. These results provide information for preparedness planning and training of first responders and employees.

摘要

有毒物质与疾病登记署维持着一个活跃的、基于州的监测系统，以记录有害物质释放所造成的公共卫生后果。1992年期间，9个参与的州报告了1876起事件；80%的事件发生在固定设施，20%与运输有关。最常释放的物质是挥发性有机化合物、酸、除草剂和氨。在263起事件中，600人受伤，4人死亡。员工受伤的频率（71%）高于急救人员或普通公众。最常报告的伤害是呼吸道和眼睛刺激。13%的事件发生了疏散。这些结果为急救人员和员工的应急准备规划及培训提供了信息。