Takahashi K, Okubo T
Department of Environmental Epidemiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Sangyo Eiseigaku Zasshi. 1995 Jul;37(4):237-43. doi: 10.1539/sangyoeisei.37.4_237.
This paper grouped together recent ILO conventions relevant to occupational safety and health (OSH) in order to clarify their characteristics and form an overview. There are 13 such conventions adopted by ILO during the period 1960-1993. Each of these conventions have distinct goals to cover respective areas of OSH, which was contrasted with each other. Conventions are subject to ratification, thus the ratification status of Japan was statistically compared to that of ILO and OECD member states. As at June 1993, Japan ratified three of such conventions, which was slightly higher than the average number ratified by all ILO member states and ranked 11th among 24 OECD member states. The relative ratification status of Japan on ILO Conventions fared better with those relevant to OSH than others. ILO Conventions are inter-related by reference and note, thus ratification of basic conventions such as C. 155 (Occupational Safety and Health Convention) and C. 148 (Working Environment Convention), neither of which is ratified by Japan, should be prioritized to further promote ratification status in the OSH area.
本文将近期国际劳工组织（ILO）与职业安全和健康（OSH）相关的公约汇总在一起，以阐明其特点并形成一个概述。国际劳工组织在1960年至1993年期间通过了13项此类公约。这些公约中的每一项都有各自不同的目标，涵盖职业安全和健康的各个领域，且相互形成对比。公约需经批准，因此对日本的批准情况与国际劳工组织及经合组织成员国的批准情况进行了统计比较。截至1993年6月，日本批准了其中三项此类公约，略高于国际劳工组织所有成员国的平均批准数量，在24个经合组织成员国中排名第11位。日本对国际劳工组织公约的相对批准情况在与职业安全和健康相关的公约方面比其他公约表现更好。国际劳工组织的公约通过相互参照和注释相互关联，因此应优先批准诸如第155号公约（《职业安全和健康公约》）和第148号公约（《工作环境公约》）等基本公约，日本均未批准这两项公约，以进一步提高在职业安全和健康领域的批准率。
