International Labour Organization, Geneva 22, Switzerland.
Appl Ergon. 2010 Oct;41(6):744-53. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2010.03.004. Epub 2010 Mar 27.
The ILO has a mandate to protect workers against sickness, diseases and injuries due to workplace hazards and risks including ergonomic and work organization risk factors. One of the main functions for the ILO is to develop international standards related to labour and work. ILO standards have exerted considerable influence on the laws and regulations of member States. The ILO standards take the form of international Conventions and Recommendations. ILO Conventions and Recommendations relevant to protection of workers against ergonomic risk factors at the workplace include Convention No. 127 and Recommendation No.128 which specify the international requirements concerning the manual transport of a load. To help member States in applying the ILO standards, the ILO produces practical guides and training manuals on ergonomics at work and collects and analyses national practices and laws on ergonomics at the workplace. The ILO also conducts technical cooperation activities in many countries on ergonomics to support and strengthen the capacities of its tripartite constituents in dealing with workplace ergonomic and work organization risks. The ILO's technical cooperation activities give priorities on the promotion of voluntary, participatory and action-oriented actions to improve working conditions and work organizations of the small and medium sized enterprises. This paper reviews ILO's policies and activities on ergonomics in relation to occupational safety and health and prescribes ILO's considerations for its future work on ergonomics.
劳工组织的任务是保护工人免受工作场所危险和风险（包括工效学和工作组织风险因素）造成的疾病、伤害。劳工组织的主要职能之一是制定与劳动和工作有关的国际标准。劳工组织标准对成员国的法律和法规产生了相当大的影响。劳工组织标准采取国际公约和建议书的形式。与保护工人免受工作场所工效学风险因素有关的劳工组织公约和建议书包括第 127 号公约和第 128 号建议书，其中规定了有关手动搬运负荷的国际要求。为了帮助成员国适用劳工组织标准，劳工组织编写了关于工作场所工效学的实用指南和培训手册，并收集和分析了关于工作场所工效学的国家做法和法律。劳工组织还在许多国家开展工效学技术合作活动，支持和加强其三方成员处理工作场所工效学和工作组织风险的能力。劳工组织的技术合作活动优先促进自愿、参与性和注重行动的行动，以改善中小企业的工作条件和工作组织。本文审查了劳工组织在职业安全和健康方面的工效学政策和活动，并规定了劳工组织对其未来工效学工作的考虑。
