Cascardi M, O'Leary K D, Lawrence E E, Schlee K A
Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1995 Aug;63(4):616-23. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.63.4.616.
Physically abused women seeking treatment for marital difficulties (abused women, n = 49) were compared with maritally discordant, nonabused women (discordant only, n = 23) and maritally satisfied nonabused women (community control, n = 25). Abused women reported significantly more fear of their spouses and reported that their spouses were significantly more coercive and psychologically aggressive than women in the 2 matched nonabused groups. Abused women did not report higher rates of abuse as a child, nor did they report higher rates of past psychopathology than women in the nonabused groups. However, abused women and nonabused discordant women reported higher rates of emotional abuse in childhood than maritally satisfied nonabused women. Furthermore, both clinical groups had a tendency to have higher lifetime rates of major depression before their current marriage than the maritally satisfied women. This result suggests that childhood abuse and a history of depression may be risk factors for women in abusive and nonabusive discordant relationships. As expected, abused women reported higher rates of posttraumatic stress disorder than women in the discordant-only and community control groups. Treatment implications for both standard treatments for marital problems and treatments for victims of physical abuse are discussed.
寻求婚姻问题治疗的受身体虐待女性(受虐女性,n = 49)与婚姻关系不和的未受虐女性(仅关系不和组,n = 23)以及婚姻关系满意的未受虐女性(社区对照组,n = 25)进行了比较。与两个匹配的未受虐组中的女性相比,受虐女性报告对配偶的恐惧明显更多,且称其配偶的强制行为和心理攻击性明显更强。受虐女性报告的童年受虐率并不高于未受虐组女性,过去精神病理学发生率也不高于未受虐组女性。然而,受虐女性和婚姻关系不和的未受虐女性报告的童年情感虐待率高于婚姻关系满意的未受虐女性。此外,两个临床组在当前婚姻之前患重度抑郁症的终生患病率往往高于婚姻关系满意的女性。这一结果表明,童年虐待和抑郁症病史可能是处于虐待关系和非虐待性不和关系中的女性的风险因素。正如预期的那样,受虐女性报告的创伤后应激障碍发生率高于仅关系不和组和社区对照组的女性。本文讨论了对婚姻问题的标准治疗以及对身体虐待受害者治疗的意义。