[Forensic DNA typing using AmpliType PM (Amp-PM) kit--allele frequency distributions of the five marker loci in Japanese population, and evaluation of Amp-PM markers for typing of saliva stain and hair].

Population study was carried out on the Japanese from Toyama district using the AmpliType PM PCR amplification and typing kit (Perkin Elmer) system, and then application of the kit system to forensic materials was evaluated. Using the kit system, 2 alleles could be identified for every locus of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), glycophorin A (GYPA), hemoglobin G gammaglobin (HBGG), D7S8, and 3 alleles for group specific component (GC) in a sample size of 100 unrelated individuals. Allele frequency distributions of the sample were 0.18 for A, 0.82 for B in LDLR; 0.61 for A, 0.39 for B in GYPA; 0.27 for A, 0.73 for B, 0 for C in HBGG; 0.61 for A, 0.39 for B in D7S8 and 0.31 for A, 0.48 for B, 0.21 for C in GC. Deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium could not be observed in LDLR, GYPA, D7S8 and GC loci, except in HBGG locus (p < 0.05). All genotypes of the 5 loci could be detected from every saliva stains from 12 donors, but the genotypes estimated from 3 saliva samples unexpectedly did not correspond to those on the blood from same donors. Identification of the genotype from a hair root in telophase was available only in 3 individual samples out of 12 donors. The present experiment show that further improvement should be made on the application of the kit system to saliva stain.