Duka T, Redemann B, Voet B
Research Laboratories Schering AG, Berlin, Germany.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1995 Jun;119(3):315-24. doi: 10.1007/BF02246298.
The effects of a single dose of scopolamine (0.5 mg) SC and of lorazepam (2.5 mg) PO were tested in two independent studies for their effects on performance in a psychometric battery which measured functions related to different stages of information processing. Attention and vigilance were measured by a continuous attention task and a vigilance task, respectively. Working memory and reasoning were evaluated by the rapid information processing and logical reasoning task; memory acquisition and storage were measured by pre- and post-drug immediate and delayed recall using visual material. The following pattern of effects was revealed; both scopolamine and lorazepam impaired performance in attentional and vigilance tasks as well as in the rapid information processing task significantly (P < 0.05) when compared with their own placebo; in the logical reasoning task lorazepam significantly prolonged the time required to solve a problem; scopolamine did not have any effect on this task. Scopolamine impaired performance in the immediate recall but left delayed recall unaffected; lorazepam impaired only delayed recall, immediate recall remaining unaffected. These data suggest that scopolamine at this dose impaired mostly attention and early stages of information processes; lorazepam at the dose tested impaired also the later acquisition and encoding aspects of memory.
在两项独立研究中，测试了单次皮下注射东莨菪碱（0.5毫克）和口服劳拉西泮（2.5毫克）对一组心理测量任务表现的影响，该组任务测量与信息处理不同阶段相关的功能。注意力和警觉性分别通过持续注意力任务和警觉性任务进行测量。工作记忆和推理通过快速信息处理和逻辑推理任务进行评估；记忆获取和存储通过使用视觉材料在给药前和给药后的即时及延迟回忆进行测量。结果显示出以下效应模式：与各自的安慰剂相比，东莨菪碱和劳拉西泮在注意力和警觉性任务以及快速信息处理任务中的表现均显著受损（P < 0.05）；在逻辑推理任务中，劳拉西泮显著延长了解决问题所需的时间；东莨菪碱对该任务没有任何影响。东莨菪碱损害了即时回忆的表现，但对延迟回忆没有影响；劳拉西泮仅损害延迟回忆，即时回忆不受影响。这些数据表明，该剂量的东莨菪碱主要损害注意力和信息处理的早期阶段；测试剂量的劳拉西泮也损害了记忆的后期获取和编码方面。
