Rosenbaum J, Nathan M B, Ragoonanansingh R, Rawlins S, Gayle C, Chadee D D, Lloyd L S
Academy for Educational Development, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1995 Aug;53(2):111-7. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1995.53.111.
The priorities of public health planners are often at variance with the community's own environmental sanitation priorities and perspectives. Public opinion about individual, collective, and governmental responsibilities in addressing these issues and priorities is of particular importance when designing community-based programs. In a study conducted in Trinidad and Tobago on knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding dengue, its prevention and control, a high level of awareness about dengue and its etiology was evident, but there was poor understanding of the symptoms and hence little concern about the health risks associated with it. The most important household pest problem identified by the respondents was related to mosquito nuisance, particularly from night-biting mosquitoes. Rodents were also a major concern perceived as being responsible for economic losses, ruined food, and a health hazard. Unreliable water supply, a factor associated with Aedes aegypti abundance, was an environmental sanitation issue of major importance to householders in rural areas. No correlation was found between knowledge of dengue and levels of Ae. aegypti abundance as measured by larval surveys of the respondents' premises. The study gave a clear indication of the need for broad-based environmental sanitation strategies when planning community-based vector control initiatives for the prevention and control of dengue in Trinidad and Tobago.
公共卫生规划者的优先事项往往与社区自身的环境卫生优先事项和观点不一致。在设计基于社区的项目时，公众对于个人、集体和政府在解决这些问题及优先事项方面责任的看法尤为重要。在特立尼达和多巴哥进行的一项关于登革热及其预防控制的知识、态度和实践的研究中，对登革热及其病因的认识水平较高，但对症状的了解不足，因此对与之相关的健康风险关注较少。受访者认为最重要的家庭害虫问题与蚊子滋扰有关，尤其是夜间叮咬的蚊子。啮齿动物也是一个主要问题，被认为会造成经济损失、毁坏食物并带来健康危害。不可靠的供水是与埃及伊蚊大量繁殖相关的一个因素，对农村地区的居民来说是一个非常重要的环境卫生问题。在通过对受访者住所进行幼虫调查来衡量的埃及伊蚊繁殖水平与登革热知识之间未发现相关性。该研究清楚地表明，在为特立尼达和多巴哥规划基于社区的病媒控制举措以预防和控制登革热时，需要采取基础广泛的环境卫生战略。
