Bennett M K, García-Arrarás J E, Elferink L A, Peterson K, Fleming A M, Hazuka C D, Scheller R H
Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University Medical Center, California 94305.
Cell. 1993 Sep 10;74(5):863-73. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90466-4.
Syntaxins A and B are nervous system-specific proteins implicated in the docking of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane. A family of syntaxin-related proteins from rat has been identified that shares 23%-84% amino acid identity. Each of the six syntaxins terminate with a carboxy-terminal hydrophobic domain that anchors the protein on the cytoplasmic surface of cellular membranes. The syntaxins display a broad tissue distribution and, when expressed in COS cells, are targeted to different subcellular compartments. Microinjection studies suggest that the nervous system-specific syntaxin 1A is important for calcium-regulated secretion from neuro-endocrine PC12 cells. These results indicate that the syntaxins are a family of receptors for intracellular transport vesicles and that each target membrane may be identified by a specific member of the syntaxin family.
syntaxin A和syntaxin B是神经系统特异性蛋白，与突触小泡和突触前质膜的对接有关。已鉴定出大鼠的一个syntaxin相关蛋白家族，其氨基酸同一性为23%-84%。六种syntaxin中的每一种都以羧基末端疏水结构域结尾，该结构域将蛋白质锚定在细胞膜的细胞质表面。syntaxin显示出广泛的组织分布，当在COS细胞中表达时，靶向不同的亚细胞区室。显微注射研究表明，神经系统特异性syntaxin 1A对神经内分泌PC12细胞的钙调节分泌很重要。这些结果表明，syntaxin是细胞内运输小泡的受体家族，并且每个靶膜可能由syntaxin家族的特定成员识别。
