Young H M, McConalogue K, Furness J B, De Vente J
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Neuroscience. 1993 Jul;55(2):583-96. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(93)90526-l.
The immunohistochemical localization of cyclic GMP was used to determine potential physiological sites of action of nitric oxide in the guinea-pig small intestine and colon. In control tissue, cyclic GMP-immunoreactivity was observed only in macrophages, whose identity was confirmed by double-label experiments using either F4/80, a macrophage-specific antibody, or fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled dextran injected intravenously. Following exposure to the nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside, cyclic GMP-immunoreactivity was induced in subpopulations of neurons in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the ileum and colon. In the colon, cyclic GMP-immunoreactivity was induced in 5-10% of myenteric neurons. The cyclic GMP-immunoreactive neurons did not contain nitric oxide synthase. In the ileum, cyclic GMP-immunoreactive neurons comprised about 2% of myenteric neurons and 40% of submucosal neurons; these cyclic GMP-immunoreactive neurons were also immunoreactive for vasoactive intestinal peptide, but they did not contain nitric oxide synthase. Interstitial cells between the mesothelium and the longitudinal muscle layer, vascular smooth muscle and vascular pericytes also showed sodium nitroprusside-induced cyclic GMP-immunoreactivity. The interstitial cells of Cajal at the inner surface of the circular muscle layer and the smooth muscle cells of the circular and longitudinal muscle layers showed increases in cyclic GMP-immunoreactivity that varied in extent from animal to animal. The results suggest that nitric oxide could act at several sites in the intestine through the stimulation of guanylyl cyclase.
利用环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）的免疫组织化学定位来确定一氧化氮在豚鼠小肠和结肠中的潜在生理作用位点。在对照组织中，仅在巨噬细胞中观察到cGMP免疫反应性，通过使用巨噬细胞特异性抗体F4/80或静脉注射异硫氰酸荧光素标记的葡聚糖进行的双重标记实验证实了其身份。暴露于一氧化氮供体硝普钠后，在回肠和结肠的肌间神经丛和黏膜下神经丛的神经元亚群中诱导出cGMP免疫反应性。在结肠中，5%-10%的肌间神经元诱导出cGMP免疫反应性。cGMP免疫反应性神经元不含一氧化氮合酶。在回肠中，cGMP免疫反应性神经元约占肌间神经元的2%和黏膜下神经元的40%；这些cGMP免疫反应性神经元对血管活性肠肽也有免疫反应，但它们不含一氧化氮合酶。间皮和纵肌层之间的间质细胞、血管平滑肌和血管周细胞也显示出硝普钠诱导的cGMP免疫反应性。环形肌层内表面的 Cajal间质细胞以及环形和纵肌层的平滑肌细胞显示出cGMP免疫反应性增加，不同动物之间增加程度有所不同。结果表明，一氧化氮可通过刺激鸟苷酸环化酶在肠道的多个位点发挥作用。
