Rapp C, Weisshaar C
Blutspendedienst Hessen des DRK, Institut Kassel, BRD.
Beitr Infusionsther. 1993;31:157-61.
In addition to several conventional methods for the detection of red cell antigens, the use of microplates has various advantages either as a solid-phase assay (enzyme immunoassay) or as native microplate. Microplates may also be used for the detection of red cell antibodies in 'pooled-cell solid-phase assays' of the second generation and for antibody screening. Blood donors and patients are the two main fields which are to be examined in immunohematology. There are various advantages in using the microplate in blood group serology: (i) if there is hardware already available, like sample processors and microplate readers, the use of microplates in blood group serology reduces the costs even if the equipment has to be purchased for this purpose only; (ii) low quantities of reagents are used in microplate assays; (iii) the application of bar codes on tubes and microplates guarantees the most security in sample identification; (iv) it is possible to investigate blood samples selectively depending on the available software if antibody detection is done as the sixth test beside anti-HIV, anti-HCV, HBsAG, lues antibodies and ALT, and (v) recording of data will be easy if electronic data processing is used.
除了几种检测红细胞抗原的传统方法外，微孔板无论是作为固相测定法（酶免疫测定）还是作为天然微孔板使用，都具有多种优势。微孔板还可用于第二代“混合细胞固相测定法”中红细胞抗体的检测以及抗体筛查。献血者和患者是免疫血液学中两个主要的检测对象。在血型血清学中使用微孔板有多种优势：（i）如果已经有诸如样本处理器和微孔板读数仪等硬件设备，即使为此目的必须购买设备，在血型血清学中使用微孔板也能降低成本；（ii）微孔板测定法使用的试剂量少；（iii）在试管和微孔板上应用条形码可确保样本识别的最高安全性；（iv）如果在抗HIV、抗HCV、HBsAG、梅毒抗体和ALT检测之外将抗体检测作为第六项检测进行，那么根据可用软件可以有选择地检测血样；（v）如果使用电子数据处理，数据记录将很容易。
