Murphy S, Campbell G
Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Cell Tissue Res. 1993 Oct;274(1):115-25. doi: 10.1007/BF00327992.
The distribution of intrinsic enteric neurons and extrinsic autonomic and sensory neurons in the large intestine of the toad, Bufo marinus, was examined using immunohistochemistry and glyoxylic acid-induced fluorescence. Three populations of extrinsic nerves were found: unipolar neurons with morphology and location typical of parasympathetic postganglionic neurons containing immunoreactivity to galanin, somatostatin and 5-hydroxytryptamine were present in longitudinally running nerve trunks in the posterior large intestine and projected to the muscle layers and myenteric plexus throughout the large intestine. Sympathetic adrenergic fibres supplied a dense innervation to the circular muscle layer, myenteric plexus and blood vessels. Axons containing colocalized calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity and substance P immunoreactivity distributed to all layers of the large intestine and are thought to be axons of primary afferent neurons. Five populations of enteric neurons were found. These contained immunoreactivity to vasoactive intestinal peptide, which distributed to all layers of the large intestine; galanin/vasoactive intestinal peptide, which projected to the submucosa and mucosa; calcitonin gene-related peptide/vasoactive intestinal peptide, which supplied the circular muscle, submucosa and mucosa; galanin, which projected to the submucosa and mucosa; and enkephalin, which supplied the circular muscle layer.
利用免疫组织化学和乙醛酸诱导荧光法，研究了海蟾蜍（Bufo marinus）大肠中内在肠神经元、外在自主神经和感觉神经元的分布。发现了三类外在神经：在后段大肠的纵向神经干中存在单极神经元，其形态和位置具有副交感神经节后神经元的典型特征，对甘丙肽、生长抑素和5-羟色胺具有免疫反应性，并投射到整个大肠的肌层和肌间神经丛。交感肾上腺素能纤维密集支配环行肌层、肌间神经丛和血管。含有共同定位的降钙素基因相关肽免疫反应性和P物质免疫反应性的轴突分布于大肠的所有层，被认为是初级传入神经元的轴突。发现了五类肠神经元。它们对血管活性肠肽具有免疫反应性，分布于大肠的所有层；甘丙肽/血管活性肠肽，投射到黏膜下层和黏膜；降钙素基因相关肽/血管活性肠肽，供应环行肌、黏膜下层和黏膜；甘丙肽，投射到黏膜下层和黏膜；脑啡肽，供应环行肌层。
