Zhang Y P, Ryder O A
Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 1994 Dec;3(4):351-9. doi: 10.1006/mpev.1994.1041.
The phylogenetic relationships among some bear species are still open questions. We present here mitochondrial DNA sequences of D-loop region, cytochrome b, 12S rRNA, tRNA(Pro), and tRNA(Thr) genes from all bear species and the giant panda. A series of evolutionary trees with concordant topology has been derived based on the combined data set of all of the mitochondrial DNA sequences, which may have resolved the evolutionary relationships of all bear species: the ancestor of the spectacled bear diverged first, followed by the sloth bear; the brown bear and polar bear are sister taxa relative to the Asiatic black bear; the closest relative of the American black bear is the sun bear. Primers for forensic identification of the giant panda and bears are proposed. Analysis of these data, in combination with data from primates and antelopes, suggests that relative substitutional rates between different mitochondrial DNA regions may vary greatly among different taxa of the vertebrates.
一些熊类物种之间的系统发育关系仍然是悬而未决的问题。我们在此展示了所有熊类物种和大熊猫的线粒体DNA控制区、细胞色素b、12S rRNA、tRNA(Pro)和tRNA(Thr)基因的序列。基于所有线粒体DNA序列的组合数据集得出了一系列拓扑结构一致的进化树，这可能已经解决了所有熊类物种的进化关系：眼镜熊的祖先最先分化出来，其次是懒熊；棕熊和北极熊相对于亚洲黑熊是姐妹类群；美洲黑熊的最近亲缘种是马来熊。提出了用于大熊猫和熊类法医鉴定的引物。对这些数据的分析，结合来自灵长类和羚羊的数据表明，不同线粒体DNA区域之间的相对替换率在脊椎动物的不同分类群中可能有很大差异。
