Cousins M S, Wei W, Salamone J D
Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269-1020.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1994 Dec;116(4):529-37. doi: 10.1007/BF02247489.
This experiment was undertaken to provide a pharmacological characterization of performance on a task involving food-related instrumental and consummatory behavior. Rats were tested in an operant chamber in which there was a choice between pressing a lever to receive a preferred food (Bioserve pellets) or approaching and consuming a less-preferred food (Lab Chow). The lever pressing schedule was a fixed ratio 5 (FR5). Rats usually pressed the lever at high rates to obtain the preferred food, and typically ate little of the lab chow even though it was freely available in the chamber concurrently with the lever pressing schedule. Previous work has shown that injection of dopamine (DA) antagonists, or depletion of DA in the nucleus accumbens, caused a substantial shift in behavior such that lever pressing was reduced but chow consumption increased. In the present study it was shown that the DA antagonist haloperidol decreased lever pressing and increased chow consumption at doses of 0.1 and 0.15 mg/kg. The D1 antagonist SCH 23390 (0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 mg/kg) and the non-selective DA antagonist cis-flupenthixol (0.3 and 0.45 mg/kg) decreased lever pressing and produced substantial increases in chow consumption. The D2 antagonist sulpiride decreased lever pressing, but produced only slight increases in chow intake at the highest dose. Pentobarbital reduced lever pressing and increased chow consumption at 10.0 mg/kg. The muscarinic agonist pilocarpine produced dose-related decreases in lever pressing, but failed to increase chow consumption. Amphetamine produced dose-related decreases in both lever pressing and chow consumption.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本实验旨在对涉及与食物相关的工具性和消费性行为的任务表现进行药理学特征描述。在一个操作性条件反射箱中对大鼠进行测试，在该箱子中，大鼠可以选择按压杠杆以获取偏好的食物（Bioserve颗粒饲料），或者靠近并食用不太偏好的食物（实验室标准饲料）。杠杆按压的程序是固定比率5（FR5）。大鼠通常以高频率按压杠杆以获取偏好的食物，并且即使在按压杠杆程序进行的同时，实验室标准饲料在箱中可自由获取，它们通常也很少食用。先前的研究表明，注射多巴胺（DA）拮抗剂或伏隔核中的DA耗竭会导致行为发生显著变化，即杠杆按压减少，但饲料消耗量增加。在本研究中，结果表明，DA拮抗剂氟哌啶醇在0.1和0.15mg/kg的剂量下会减少杠杆按压并增加饲料消耗量。D1拮抗剂SCH 23390（0.05、0.1和0.15mg/kg）和非选择性DA拮抗剂顺式氟奋乃静（0.3和0.45mg/kg）会减少杠杆按压并使饲料消耗量大幅增加。D2拮抗剂舒必利减少了杠杆按压，但仅在最高剂量下使饲料摄入量略有增加。戊巴比妥在10.0mg/kg时减少杠杆按压并增加饲料消耗量。毒蕈碱激动剂毛果芸香碱使杠杆按压产生剂量相关的减少，但未能增加饲料消耗量。苯丙胺使杠杆按压和饲料消耗量均产生剂量相关的减少。（摘要截选至250字）
