Vleeming A, Pool-Goudzwaard A L, Stoeckart R, van Wingerden J P, Snijders C J
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1995 Apr 1;20(7):753-8.
The superficial and deep lamina of the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia have been studied anatomically and biomechanically. In embalmed human specimens, the posterior layer has been loaded by simulating the action of various muscles. The effect has been studied using raster photography.
To study the role of the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia in load transfer between spine, pelvis, legs, and arms.
It has been determined whether muscles such as the gluteus maximus, latissimus dorsi, erector muscle, and biceps femoris are functionally coupled via the thoracolumbar fascia. The caudal relations of the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia have not been previously studied.
Dissection was directed to the bilaminar posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia of 10 human specimens. The superficial and deep lamina were studied using visual inspection and raster photography. Tension to the posterior layer of the fascia was simulated by traction to various muscles and measured by studying the displacement in the posterior layer.
Traction to a variety of muscles caused displacement of the posterior layer. This implies that in vivo, the superficial lamina will be tensed by contraction of various muscles, such as the latissimus dorsi, gluteus maximus and erector muscle, and the deep lamina by contraction of the biceps femoris. Caudal to the level of L4 (in some specimens, L2-L3), tension in the posterior layer was transmitted to the contralateral side.
Anatomic structures normally described as hip, pelvic, and leg muscles interact with so-called arm and spinal muscles via the thoracolumbar fascia. This allows for effective load transfer between spine, pelvis, legs, and arms--an integrated system. Specific electromyographic studies should reveal whether the gluteus maximus muscle and contralateral latissimus dorsi muscle are functionally coupled, especially during rotation of the trunk. In that case, the combined action of these muscles assists in rotating the trunk, while simultaneously stabilizing the lower lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints.
对胸腰筋膜后层的浅、深层进行了解剖学和生物力学研究。在防腐处理的人体标本中，通过模拟各种肌肉的作用对后层施加负荷。采用光栅摄影研究其效果。
研究胸腰筋膜后层在脊柱、骨盆、腿部和手臂之间负荷传递中的作用。
已确定诸如臀大肌、背阔肌、竖脊肌和股二头肌等肌肉是否通过胸腰筋膜在功能上相互关联。胸腰筋膜后层的尾侧关系此前尚未研究过。
对10例人体标本的胸腰筋膜双层后层进行解剖。通过目视检查和光栅摄影研究浅、深层。通过对各种肌肉施加牵引力来模拟对筋膜后层的张力，并通过研究后层的位移进行测量。
对各种肌肉施加牵引力会导致后层位移。这意味着在体内，浅层面会因背阔肌、臀大肌和竖脊肌等各种肌肉的收缩而绷紧，深层面会因股二头肌的收缩而绷紧。在L4水平以下（在一些标本中为L2-L3），后层的张力会传递到对侧。
通常被描述为髋部、骨盆和腿部肌肉的解剖结构通过胸腰筋膜与所谓的手臂和脊柱肌肉相互作用。这使得脊柱、骨盆、腿部和手臂之间能够进行有效的负荷传递——一个整合的系统。特定的肌电图研究应揭示臀大肌和对侧背阔肌在功能上是否相互关联，尤其是在躯干旋转期间。在这种情况下，这些肌肉的联合作用有助于旋转躯干，同时稳定下腰椎和骶髂关节。
