艾滋病中的地方性真菌病：临床综述
Endemic mycoses in AIDS: a clinical review.
作者信息
Wheat J
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Roudebush Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana.
出版信息
Clin Microbiol Rev. 1995 Jan;8(1):146-59. doi: 10.1128/CMR.8.1.146.
Abstract
Histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis are serious opportunistic infections in patients with AIDS who reside in areas of endemicity of the United States and Central and South America. Blastomycosis, although less common, also must be recognized as an opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS. Prompt diagnosis requires knowledge of the clinical syndromes and diagnostic tests as well as a high index of suspicion. Histoplasmosis and blastomycosis respond well to antifungal treatment, but relapse is common without chronic suppressive therapy. Improvements in treatment are needed in coccidioidomycosis. Research is needed to identify preventive strategies for patients at risk. These strategies may include use of prophylactic antifungal therapy or vaccination.
摘要
组织胞浆菌病和球孢子菌病是居住在美国以及中美洲和南美洲流行地区的艾滋病患者严重的机会性感染。芽生菌病虽然较少见，但也必须被视为艾滋病患者的机会性感染。及时诊断需要了解临床综合征、诊断测试以及高度的怀疑指数。组织胞浆菌病和芽生菌病对抗真菌治疗反应良好，但若无长期抑制性治疗，复发很常见。球孢子菌病的治疗需要改进。需要开展研究以确定针对高危患者的预防策略。这些策略可能包括使用预防性抗真菌治疗或接种疫苗。
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