Kitagoh H, Tomita H
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo.
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 1995 Feb;98(2):267-80. doi: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.98.267.
Patients with taste receptor disturbance were treated with zinc dosage, and their healing process was traced through the filter-paper-disc method and electrogustometry. The number of cases studied was 119,45 with idiopathic taste disturbance, 38 with drug-induced taste disturbance and 36 with zinc-deficient taste disturbance. 1) Three patterns of taste recovery were observed on the tongue surface. Out of a total of 119 cases, 54 cases (45.4%) were found to be improving on the anterior as well as posterior parts of the tongue simultaneously (simultaneous improvement type). Fifty-three cases (44.5%) showed recovery in the posterior part of the tongue (area of the glossopharyngeal nerve) earlier than in other parts of the tongue (posterior improvement type). Only 12 cases (10.1%) showed recovery in the anterior part of the tongue (area of the chorda tympani nerve) earlier than in other parts of the tongue (anterior improvement type), a significantly smaller number of cases compared with the other two types. In particular, very few cases of zinc deficient taste disturbance belonged to the anterior improvement type. Zinc dosage treatment proved to be more rapidly effective for the simultaneous improvement type. 2) With respect to differences in the recovery process of the four primary tastes, a tendency for the sweet and bitter taste qualities to recover earlier than the others was observed in the simultaneous improvement type. However, no phenomenon was observed that could support the existence of the so-called "tongue map", such as the bitter and sour taste recover first among the posterior improvement type or the sweet taste improving first among the anterior improvement type. 3) The results of this study revealed that the treatment of taste receptor disturbances starts with the posterior part of the tongue, which abounds in taste buds. 4) The study also demonstrated that electrogustometry is not suitable for tracing the process of taste receptor disturbance. 5) When tracing the effectiveness of treatment of taste receptor disturbance through the filter paper-disc method, it is sufficient to measure only the posterior part of the tongue (area of the glossopharyngeal nerve) until signs of healing appear.
味觉感受器紊乱的患者接受了锌剂治疗，并通过滤纸片法和电味觉测量法追踪其愈合过程。研究病例数为119例，其中特发性味觉紊乱45例，药物性味觉紊乱38例，缺锌性味觉紊乱36例。1）在舌表面观察到三种味觉恢复模式。在119例病例中，54例（45.4%）在舌前部和后部同时改善（同时改善型）。53例（44.5%）在舌后部（舌咽神经区域）的恢复早于舌的其他部位（后部改善型）。只有12例（10.1%）在舌前部（鼓索神经区域）的恢复早于舌的其他部位（前部改善型），与其他两种类型相比，病例数明显较少。特别是，缺锌性味觉紊乱属于前部改善型的病例非常少。锌剂治疗对同时改善型的效果更快。2）关于四种基本味觉恢复过程的差异，在同时改善型中观察到甜味和苦味质量的恢复早于其他味觉的趋势。然而，没有观察到可以支持所谓“舌地图”存在的现象，例如在后部改善型中苦味和酸味首先恢复，或者在前部改善型中甜味首先改善。3）本研究结果表明，味觉感受器紊乱的治疗从味蕾丰富的舌后部开始。4）该研究还表明，电味觉测量法不适用于追踪味觉感受器紊乱的过程。5）通过滤纸片法追踪味觉感受器紊乱的治疗效果时，在愈合迹象出现之前，仅测量舌后部（舌咽神经区域）就足够了。
