Ebenbichler G, Liederer A, Lack W
Universitätsklinik für Physikalische Medizin und Rehabilitation, Wien.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1994;144(24):593-604.
Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is the most common spinal deformity. Prevalence rates are reported between 0.3% and 13.3% respectively and depend on the screening methods being used. Girls are more likely to be affected than boys. The etiology of IS remains unknown, and its prognosis depends on various factors including age of onset, skeletal and sexual maturity, type and severity of the curve. Non-operative treatments are observation, bracing, physical exercise and electrical muscle-stimulation. Bracing of the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis has been proven to be effective and is indicated in curves between 25 degrees and 45 degrees Cobb and rapidly progredient curves under 25 degrees Cobb. Electrotherapy was promising, but failed to alter natural history of IS. Efficacy of physical exercise training in patients suffering from IS has not been evaluated.
特发性脊柱侧凸（IS）是最常见的脊柱畸形。报道的患病率分别在0.3%至13.3%之间，这取决于所使用的筛查方法。女孩比男孩更容易受到影响。IS的病因尚不清楚，其预后取决于多种因素，包括发病年龄、骨骼和性成熟度、侧弯的类型和严重程度。非手术治疗方法包括观察、支具治疗、体育锻炼和肌肉电刺激。青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的支具治疗已被证明是有效的，适用于Cobb角在25度至45度之间以及Cobb角小于25度的快速进展性侧弯。电疗法曾被看好，但未能改变IS的自然病程。体育锻炼训练对IS患者的疗效尚未得到评估。
