Blum H P
Int J Psychoanal. 1994 Dec;75 ( Pt 5-6):871-82.
'The confusion of tongues' characterised the polarised dimensions of the closing Ferenczi/Freud communication, and extended to problems of psychoanalytic formulation and publication. There were manifest and latent issues which remain of historic importance. Ferenczi was dying and assumed Freud was dying when he wrote this classic essay, so relevant to contemporary psychoanalytic thought and controversy. Denying and sometimes acknowledging his progressive, fatal illness, Ferenczi made enduring contributions to the understanding of child abuse and trauma while severely traumatised. Concepts of trauma and countertransference were amplified and expanded. Freud remained remarkably creative while physically declining with oral cancer; Ferenczi manifested progressive and regressive trends, fostering both sublimated innovation and wild analysis. Psychoanalysts tended to avoid, for half a century, confronting the problems of the ill, impaired, and dying analyst. The clarification of 'The confusion of tongues' continues in contemporary psychoanalytic discussion and debate. The paper presaged a widened interest in the analyst's analysing functions, unconscious communication, countertransference, and the interplay of reality and fantasy inside and outside the psychoanalytic situation.
“语言的混乱”是费伦齐与弗洛伊德通信末期两极分化状况的特征，并延伸至精神分析的表述与出版问题。其中存在着具有历史重要性的显性和隐性问题。费伦齐撰写这篇经典论文时已病入膏肓，且以为弗洛伊德也时日无多，而该论文与当代精神分析思想及争议密切相关。费伦齐在严重受创的情况下，虽否认且有时承认自己日益严重的致命疾病，却仍为理解儿童虐待和创伤做出了持久贡献。创伤和反移情的概念得到了拓展和延伸。弗洛伊德虽因口腔癌身体每况愈下，但仍极具创造力；费伦齐则呈现出进步与退行的趋势，既推动了升华式的创新，也催生了狂野分析。半个世纪以来，精神分析师往往回避患病、受损及濒死分析师的问题。“语言的混乱”在当代精神分析的讨论和辩论中仍在继续得到阐释。该论文预示着人们对分析师的分析功能、无意识交流、反移情以及精神分析情境内外现实与幻想的相互作用的兴趣将不断扩大。
