Cooper J S, Fu K, Marks J, Silverman S
NYU Medical Center, NY 10016, USA.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995 Mar 30;31(5):1141-64. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(94)00421-G.
The head and neck region is composed of numerous structures, each with an inherent response to radiation that is largely governed by the presence or absence of mucosa, salivary glands, or specialized organs within that site. Irradiated mucocutaneous tissues demonstrate increased vascular permeability that leads to fibrin deposition, subsequent collagen formation, and eventual fibrosis. Irradiated salivary tissue degenerates after relatively small doses, leading to markedly diminished salivary output. This, in turn, effects the teeth by promoting dental decay which, in turn, effects the integrity of the mandible. Details of these changes are presented, including their pathophysiology, clinical syndromes, and potential treatment.
头颈部由众多结构组成，每个结构对辐射都有其固有的反应，这在很大程度上取决于该部位是否存在黏膜、唾液腺或特殊器官。受照射的黏膜皮肤组织表现出血管通透性增加，导致纤维蛋白沉积、随后的胶原蛋白形成以及最终的纤维化。相对小剂量照射后，唾液组织就会退化，导致唾液分泌显著减少。这反过来又会通过促进龋齿影响牙齿，而龋齿又会影响下颌骨的完整性。文中介绍了这些变化的细节，包括其病理生理学、临床综合征和潜在治疗方法。
