Golding A M
Public Health. 1995 Mar;109(2):91-7. doi: 10.1016/s0033-3506(05)80002-2.
In England and Wales the level of violence is lower than that of many other countries, including notably the major epidemic of violence in the United States of America. However, even in England and Wales, violent crimes are increasing steadily and unless this is treated as a major public health issue we may well go down the same road as the USA. This article reviews the evidence, much of which is from America, in the hope that it will stimulate the development of strategies to reduce the level of violence in our society. Many of the underlying factors are known, although research is still needed to disentangle the effects of each of the many variables. At present too little of such research is based in the UK. The Government's Chief Medical Officer has identified the health of adolescents as one of four new areas of particular importance requiring broader discussion in the coming year and comments that 'adolescence is a crucial period during which lifestyles, values and attitudes are established'. This paper identifies the main risk factors which tend to breed antisocial behaviour in adolescents in so far as they relate to violence.
在英格兰和威尔士，暴力犯罪水平低于许多其他国家，尤其显著低于美国大规模的暴力犯罪情况。然而，即便在英格兰和威尔士，暴力犯罪也在稳步上升，除非将其视为一个重大的公共卫生问题，否则我们很可能会走上与美国相同的道路。本文回顾了诸多证据，其中许多来自美国，希望能推动制定减少社会暴力水平的策略。许多潜在因素已为人所知，尽管仍需开展研究以厘清众多变量中每个变量的影响。目前，这类研究在英国开展得太少。政府首席医疗官已将青少年健康确定为来年需要更广泛讨论的四个特别重要的新领域之一，并指出“青春期是确立生活方式、价值观和态度的关键时期”。本文确定了与暴力相关的、往往会滋生青少年反社会行为的主要风险因素。
