Kronmiller J E, Beeman C S
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, USA.
Arch Oral Biol. 1994 Dec;39(12):1071-8. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(94)90060-4.
Retinoids play an important part in pattern formation during embryonic development. Exogenous retinoids alter the pattern of skeletal, neural and odontogenic tissues. Endogenous retinoids have been demonstrated previously in the murine embryonic mandible, reaching a concentration peak during the initiation of odontogenesis. It was now found that endogenous retinoids are present in a concentration gradient in the embryonic mouse mandible at the time of the initiation of the dental lamina. All-trans-retinoic acid was more concentrated in the incisor region and retinol in the molar region. These results, and the fact that exogenous retinoids produce supernumerary incisors and missing molars, suggest that all-trans-retinoic acid may instruct incisor morphology.
维甲酸在胚胎发育过程中的模式形成中起着重要作用。外源性维甲酸会改变骨骼、神经和牙源性组织的模式。内源性维甲酸此前已在小鼠胚胎下颌骨中得到证实，在牙胚发生起始阶段达到浓度峰值。现在发现，在牙板起始时，内源性维甲酸在胚胎小鼠下颌骨中呈浓度梯度分布。全反式维甲酸在切牙区域更为集中，而视黄醇在磨牙区域更为集中。这些结果，以及外源性维甲酸会产生额外切牙和磨牙缺失的事实，表明全反式维甲酸可能决定切牙形态。
