Muzzo S, Burgueño M, Carvajal F, Moreno R, Leiva L
Unidad de Endocrinología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile.
Arch Latinoam Nutr. 1994 Jun;44(2):82-6.
The goal of the present study was to evaluate the current status of endemic goiter in Chile. 3500 students of basic education from public schools in three censor areas of the country were studied: 1000 in Calam (North), 1000 in Temuco (South) and 1500 in Santiago (Center). Socio-economic level was evaluated according to the Graffar scale. Two trained physicians determined body weight, height and size of the goiter through palpation of the thyroid gland (according to W.H.O. classification). Iodine in urine was determined in 20% of the students. Iodine insalt was determined in samples obtained in the three areas. A goiter prevalence of goiter of 11.4% in males and 12% in females was found, with a higher prevalence in females during puberty. A higher prevalence in the medium-low and low socio-economical levels was observed (12.4% and 14.4% respectively). The level of salt iodination was variable in the three areas (1/3 with concentration > than 100 parts per million (ppm), 1/3 between 60-100 ppm and 1/3 with < 60 ppm of iodine content). According to W.H.O. criteria, Chile has presently a low goiter prevalence, but the salt iodine concentration indicate the importance of a permanent surveillance of iodine nutrition.
本研究的目的是评估智利地方性甲状腺肿的现状。对该国三个普查地区公立学校的3500名基础教育阶段学生进行了研究：卡兰（北部）1000名、特木科（南部）1000名和圣地亚哥（中部）1500名。根据格拉法尔量表评估社会经济水平。两名经过培训的医生通过触诊甲状腺（根据世界卫生组织分类法）确定体重、身高和甲状腺肿大小。对20%的学生测定了尿碘。对在这三个地区采集的样本测定了盐碘含量。发现男性甲状腺肿患病率为11.4%，女性为12%，青春期女性患病率更高。观察到中低和低社会经济水平人群的患病率更高（分别为12.4%和14.4%）。三个地区的食盐加碘水平各不相同（三分之一地区碘浓度>百万分之一百（ppm），三分之一地区在60 - 100 ppm之间，三分之一地区碘含量<60 ppm）。根据世界卫生组织的标准，智利目前甲状腺肿患病率较低，但盐碘浓度表明对碘营养进行长期监测的重要性。
