Diez-Roux A V, Nieto F J, Comstock G W, Howard G, Szklo M
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Prev Med. 1995 Jan;24(1):48-55. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1995.1007.
Active and passive smoking have been found to be associated with clinical atherosclerotic disease. To explore the effects of smoking on atherogenesis, we investigated the relationship of past and current active and passive smoking to carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged adults.
The study population consisted of 2,073 middle-aged residents of Washington County, Maryland. Information on active smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) was obtained from a 1975 census and from the baseline visit of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study in 1987-1989. Carotid artery intimal-medial wall thickness, measured by B-mode ultrasound methods in 1987-1989, was used as an indicator of carotid atherosclerosis. Mean intimal-medial wall thickness (IMT) was adjusted for age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors, and education using multiple linear regression.
The lowest mean IMT was found among never smokers who had never been exposed to ETS (mean +/- standard error: 0.706 +/- 0.013 mm). Exposure to ETS in one or both time periods was associated with increased IMT among never smokers (ETS in 1975 only: 0.731 +/- 0.022; ETS in 1987-1989 only: 0.738 +/- 0.011; ETS in both periods: 0.734 +/- 0.012). Active smoking in 1975 was also associated with increased IMT. The greatest mean intimal-medial wall thickness was found among persons who were current smokers in both time periods (0.807 +/- 0.009).
Both past and current passive and active smoking are associated with increased carotid intimal-medial wall thickness.
已发现主动吸烟和被动吸烟均与临床动脉粥样硬化疾病相关。为探究吸烟对动脉粥样硬化形成的影响，我们调查了过去及当前的主动吸烟和被动吸烟与中年成年人颈动脉粥样硬化之间的关系。
研究人群包括马里兰州华盛顿县的2073名中年居民。关于主动吸烟和接触环境烟草烟雾（ETS）的信息来自1975年的一次普查以及1987 - 1989年社区动脉粥样硬化风险（ARIC）研究的基线访视。1987 - 1989年通过B型超声方法测量的颈动脉内膜中层厚度被用作颈动脉粥样硬化的指标。使用多元线性回归对年龄、性别、心血管危险因素和教育程度进行调整后得到平均内膜中层厚度（IMT）。
从未吸烟者且从未接触过ETS的人群中平均IMT最低（均值±标准误：0.706±0.013毫米）。在从未吸烟者中，一个或两个时间段接触ETS均与IMT增加相关（仅1975年接触ETS：0.731±0.022；仅1987 - 1989年接触ETS：0.738±0.011；两个时间段均接触ETS：0.734±0.012）。1975年的主动吸烟也与IMT增加相关。两个时间段均为当前吸烟者的人群中平均内膜中层厚度最大（0.807±0.009）。
过去及当前的被动吸烟和主动吸烟均与颈动脉内膜中层厚度增加相关。
