Khaldi F, Ben Mansour A, Ben Naceur B
Service de médecine infantile A, hôpital d'Enfants de Tunis, Tunisie.
Arch Pediatr. 1995 Mar;2(3):227-31. doi: 10.1016/0929-693x(96)81132-8.
Persistent diarrhea (PD) is recognized as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing world.
The files of all children, less than 5 years of age, admitted in 1990 and 1991 for diarrhea persisting from 14 to 30 days have been retrospectively analysed. Socio-economic factors, history of disease, changes in feeding, nutritional status and clinical data of the DP have been specially recorded.
During these 2 years, 74 children were admitted (93% of them were less than 12 months old). Two-thirds of the patients were issued from suburban-living poor families. DP was more frequent during September and October (42%), the usual period of malnutrition. Although only 23% of the mothers had reported history of acute diarrhea, 35% of them did not exclude it. Sixty-nine percent of the children were breast-fed and 82% were bottle-fed before 12 months of age. Dietary intake was stopped during the acute episode in 52% of cases. There were no chronic malnutrition, but 69% of patients were suffering from acute malnutrition. Dehydration was present in most cases and was severe in 33% of them. Death occurred in three children.
These results show that, among usual risk factors of PD bottle-feeding, diet errors and history of acute diarrhea seem to be particularly frequent in this Tunisian population.
持续性腹泻（PD）被认为是发展中国家发病和死亡的主要原因。
对1990年和1991年收治的所有5岁以下、腹泻持续14至30天的儿童病历进行回顾性分析。特别记录了社会经济因素、疾病史、喂养变化、营养状况以及持续性腹泻的临床数据。
在这两年间，共收治74名儿童（其中93%小于12个月）。三分之二的患者来自居住在郊区的贫困家庭。持续性腹泻在9月和10月更为常见（42%），这是营养不良的常见时期。尽管只有23%的母亲报告有急性腹泻病史，但35%的母亲不排除这种情况。69%的儿童在12个月前进行母乳喂养，82%进行奶瓶喂养。52%的病例在急性发作期间停止了饮食摄入。没有慢性营养不良，但69%的患者患有急性营养不良。大多数病例存在脱水，其中33%为重度脱水。有三名儿童死亡。
这些结果表明，在持续性腹泻的常见危险因素中，奶瓶喂养、饮食错误和急性腹泻病史在这个突尼斯人群中似乎尤为常见。
