Curthoys I S, Halmagyi G M
Department of Psychology, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
J Vestib Res. 1995 Mar-Apr;5(2):67-107.
Vestibular sensory input is just one sensory input involved in the control of functions such as gaze and posture. The recovery of gaze and posture control after partial or complete unilateral loss of vestibular input is reviewed. The relatively rapid and apparently complete behavioral recovery after unilateral vestibular loss was once regarded as justifying vestibular compensation being used as a text-book example of plasticity in the CNS. This review emphasizes how false that impression is: Detailed examination shows that vestibular compensation is not a single process that recovers completely at a rapid rate but is made up of a number of subprocesses that recover to different levels and at different rates. In some subprocesses there is very modest recovery; in other subprocesses there is probably substitution of other sensory input for the affected vestibular input. It also seems that in some instances new behavioral strategies appear to be learned to allow gaze and posture control to operate as if normal. Recent evidence concerning the physiological and pharmacological mechanisms underlying vestibular compensation is reviewed.
前庭感觉输入只是参与控制诸如注视和姿势等功能的一种感觉输入。本文综述了在前庭输入部分或完全单侧丧失后注视和姿势控制的恢复情况。单侧前庭丧失后相对快速且明显完全的行为恢复曾被视为将前庭代偿作为中枢神经系统可塑性的教科书式例子的理由。这篇综述强调了这种印象是多么错误：详细检查表明，前庭代偿不是一个以快速速率完全恢复的单一过程，而是由许多子过程组成，这些子过程恢复到不同水平且速率不同。在一些子过程中恢复非常有限；在其他子过程中，可能是其他感觉输入替代了受影响的前庭输入。似乎在某些情况下，还会学习新的行为策略，以使注视和姿势控制能像正常时一样运作。本文还综述了有关前庭代偿潜在生理和药理机制的最新证据。
