Bull World Health Organ. 1995;73(2):165-74.
In reviewing the growth of infants who live under favourable conditions and are fed according to WHO feeding recommendations, the Working Group found significant differences between the growth patterns of these infants and the patterns reflected in the NCHS-WHO international reference. Given the short- and long-term consequences of growth failure, and the dangers of both the premature introduction of complementary foods and their undue delay--described as the "weanling's dilemma", the Working Group concluded that use of the current NCHS-WHO reference appears to accentuate the difficulty of avoiding these extremes rather than to help ensure optimal infant nutritional management. The Working Group identified the following requirements: (a) a new reference which will enhance the nutritional management of infants; (b) the reference population should reflect current health recommendations because of the frequent use of such reference data as standards; (c) evaluation, in a broad range of settings, of the practical utility of using reference data based on infants for whom the WHO feeding recommendations are being followed; (d) close investigation of the effects of different complementary foods on the growth of infants who are being fed according to the WHO recommendations; (e) criteria for evaluating abnormal growth patterns; (f) research for identifying proxy measures for length; and (g) evaluation of reference data based on other anthropometric measurements, such as skinfold thickness and arm and head circumferences.
在回顾生活在良好条件下并按照世界卫生组织喂养建议进行喂养的婴儿的生长情况时，工作组发现这些婴儿的生长模式与美国国家卫生统计中心-世界卫生组织国际参考标准所反映的模式存在显著差异。鉴于生长发育不良的短期和长期后果，以及过早引入辅食和辅食添加过晚的风险——这被称为“断奶困境”，工作组得出结论，使用当前的美国国家卫生统计中心-世界卫生组织参考标准似乎加剧了避免这些极端情况的难度，而不是有助于确保婴儿获得最佳营养管理。工作组确定了以下要求：(a) 一个新的参考标准，以加强婴儿的营养管理；(b) 参考人群应反映当前的健康建议，因为此类参考数据经常被用作标准；(c) 在广泛的环境中评估使用基于遵循世界卫生组织喂养建议的婴儿的参考数据的实际效用；(d) 密切调查不同辅食对按照世界卫生组织建议喂养的婴儿生长的影响；(e) 评估异常生长模式的标准；(f) 开展研究以确定身长的替代测量方法；(g) 评估基于其他人体测量指标（如皮褶厚度、手臂和头围）的参考数据。
