Inoue Y, Nakao M, Ueda H, Araki T
Department of Hygiene, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.
Int J Biometeorol. 1995 Mar;38(3):131-6. doi: 10.1007/BF01208489.
Eight men aged 60-65 years and six men aged 20-25 years, wearing only swimming trunks, were exposed to an air temperature of 17 degrees C and 45% R.H. in each of the four seasons. The increase in the rate of metabolic heat production (% delta M) for the older group in the cold test was significantly higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring (P < 0.05), but did not differ in the young group between seasons. Compared to the young group the % delta M was significantly greater for the older group (due to a marked increase in four individuals) in summer and autumn (P < 0.04). At the end of the period of cold exposure, the decrements of rectal temperature (delta Tre), mean skin temperature (Tsk; due to a marked decrease in four individuals) and foot skin temperature (Tfoot) were significantly greater for the older group compared to the young group at all times of the year (P < 0.003). Seasonal variations in the two groups were similar, e.g., the delta Tre gradually became smaller from summer to winter (P < 0.05) and then increased slightly in the spring (P = 0.07). Tfoot for both groups decreased from summer to autumn (P < 0.01) and remained unchanged subsequently. No seasonal variations were observed for Tsk in either group. The increase in diastolic blood pressure (BPd) during the test was significantly smaller in winter in both groups (P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
八名年龄在60至65岁之间的男性和六名年龄在20至25岁之间的男性，仅穿着泳裤，在四个季节中分别暴露于17摄氏度、相对湿度45%的环境中。在寒冷测试中，老年组代谢产热率的增加百分比（%ΔM）在夏季和秋季显著高于冬季和春季（P<0.05），但青年组在各季节之间没有差异。与青年组相比，老年组在夏季和秋季的%ΔM显著更高（由于四名个体的显著增加）（P<0.04）。在寒冷暴露期结束时，全年任何时候老年组的直肠温度下降值（ΔTre）、平均皮肤温度（Tsk；由于四名个体的显著下降）和足部皮肤温度（Tfoot）均显著高于青年组（P<0.003）。两组的季节变化相似，例如，ΔTre从夏季到冬季逐渐变小（P<0.05），然后在春季略有增加（P = 0.07）。两组的Tfoot从夏季到秋季均下降（P<0.01），随后保持不变。两组的Tsk均未观察到季节变化。两组在冬季测试期间舒张压（BPd）的升高均显著较小（P<0.05）。（摘要截断于250字）
