Busch F N, Shear M K, Cooper A M, Shapiro T, Leon A C
Department of Psychiatry, New York Hospital-Cornell University Medical College, New York 10021, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1995 May;183(5):299-303. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199505000-00004.
Psychodynamic factors have rarely been systematically studied in panic disorder, despite indications that these factors may be important in the understanding and treatment of panic. This is a report of a study using the Defense Mechanism Rating Scale to test the hypothesis that patients with panic disorder utilize particular defense mechanisms: reaction formation, undoing, and displacement. The use of defense mechanisms in 22 patients with primary panic disorder was compared with that of 22 patients with primary dysthymic disorder, based on Defense Mechanism Rating Scale ratings of psychodynamic interviews of these patients. Panic subjects scored significantly higher than dysthymics on the defenses of reaction formation and undoing, but not on the defense of displacement. The defense mechanisms found are consistent with a proposed psychodynamic formulation for panic disorder that emphasizes the panic patient's difficulty in tolerating angry feelings toward significant others. Knowledge of these defense mechanisms can be useful for various treatment approaches in panic disorder.
尽管有迹象表明心理动力学因素在惊恐障碍的理解和治疗中可能很重要，但这些因素在惊恐障碍中很少得到系统研究。本文报告了一项研究，该研究使用防御机制评定量表来检验以下假设：惊恐障碍患者会使用特定的防御机制，即反向形成、抵消和置换。根据对22例原发性惊恐障碍患者和22例原发性心境恶劣障碍患者进行的心理动力学访谈的防御机制评定量表评分，比较了这两组患者防御机制的使用情况。惊恐障碍患者在反向形成和抵消防御方面的得分显著高于心境恶劣障碍患者，但在置换防御方面并非如此。所发现的防御机制与一种针对惊恐障碍提出的心理动力学理论相一致，该理论强调惊恐障碍患者难以容忍对重要他人的愤怒情绪。了解这些防御机制对惊恐障碍的各种治疗方法可能有用。
