Cutts F T, Bartoloni A, Guglielmetti P, Gil F, Brown D, Bianchi Bandinelli M L, Roselli M
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1995 Jan-Feb;89(1):119-22. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(95)90683-5.
We conducted a community-based survey in Santa Cruz city, Bolivia, to determine the age-specific prevalence of measles antibodies, determine factors associated with absence of detectable measles antibodies, and to compare results of salivary and serum measles immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody assays. Serum samples from 1654 children were assayed for measles IgG antibody using the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay, and salivary samples were also obtained from 187 children and tested for measles IgG antibody using an antibody capture radioimmunoassay. Reported measles vaccine coverage in children aged 12-35 months was 77% (95% confidence interval [CI], 72-81%). Eighty-seven percent (95% CI 85-89%) had detectable HI antibody, but a high proportion had antibody levels below 200 miu (30-40% of 2-14 years old children). Measles seronegativity was associated with not being vaccinated against measles, a negative history of measles disease, living in the inner city, being a lifetime resident of Santa Cruz, and young age. Of 212 children without detectable measles antibody, 58% had a positive history of vaccination or measles disease, so that historical information was not sufficiently reliable to identify susceptibles. The salivary measles antibody assay was not sufficiently sensitive to be used for population screening; only 54% of 171 salivary samples from children who had detectable serum HI antibody were positive. A mass measles vaccination campaign of all children under 15 years of age is planned in Bolivia in 1994. Although only 7% of school-age children in Santa Cruz were seronegative, the effectiveness of a mass campaign in this age group depends in part on the response to revaccination of children with low, but detectable, antibody levels.
我们在玻利维亚的圣克鲁斯市开展了一项基于社区的调查，以确定特定年龄组麻疹抗体的流行率，确定与未检测到麻疹抗体相关的因素，并比较唾液和血清麻疹免疫球蛋白G（IgG）抗体检测结果。使用血凝抑制（HI）试验对1654名儿童的血清样本进行麻疹IgG抗体检测，还从187名儿童中采集了唾液样本，并使用抗体捕获放射免疫测定法检测麻疹IgG抗体。报告显示，12至35个月龄儿童的麻疹疫苗接种覆盖率为77%（95%置信区间[CI]，72 - 81%）。87%（95%CI 85 - 89%）的儿童检测到HI抗体，但很大一部分儿童的抗体水平低于200 miu（2至14岁儿童的30 - 40%）。麻疹血清学阴性与未接种麻疹疫苗、麻疹疾病阴性史、居住在市中心、是圣克鲁斯的终身居民以及年龄较小有关。在212名未检测到麻疹抗体的儿童中，58%有疫苗接种或麻疹疾病阳性史，因此历史信息不足以可靠地识别易感人群。唾液麻疹抗体检测不够灵敏，无法用于人群筛查；在171名血清HI抗体检测呈阳性的儿童的唾液样本中，只有54%呈阳性。玻利维亚计划于1994年对所有15岁以下儿童开展大规模麻疹疫苗接种运动。尽管圣克鲁斯市只有7%的学龄儿童血清学阴性，但该年龄组大规模运动的有效性部分取决于对抗体水平低但可检测到的儿童再次接种疫苗的反应。
