Detilleux J C, Kehrli M E, Stabel J R, Freeman A E, Kelley D H
Animal Science Department, Iowa State University, Ames 50011, USA.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1995 Feb;44(3-4):251-67. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(94)05302-9.
Data from twenty assays of traits associated with innate and adaptive immunity were evaluated from 137 periparturient Holstein cows. These cows had been selected through planned matings for four different levels of milk production (high and average pounds of milk, and high and average pounds of milk fat plus protein). For up to seven generations, the genetic lines were produced by mating females of each line to sires of corresponding merit. With the exceptions of neutrophil ingestion of Staphylococcus aureus and directed migration, all assays measuring neutrophil functions were depressed beginning 2 to 3 weeks before calving through 3 weeks after calving. Serum concentrations of immunoglobulin G1 decreased while those of immunoglobulin G2 increased around calving time. Serum complement and conglutinin concentrations decreased before calving and reached a minimum around calving time. Cows selected for high milk production (pounds of milk and pounds of milk fat plus proteins) had significantly higher (P < 0.10) numbers of circulating neutrophils and mononuclear cells, had higher (P < 0.10) neutrophil resting chemiluminescence and higher (P < 0.10) neutrophil directed migration than cows with average production potentials. There were significant (P < 0.001) sire progeny group differences for most traits associated with the immune system that we tested. These results can be considered encouraging, in that selection for high milk yield did not produce unfavorable correlated responses in the functional capacity of immune function traits, and that there is sufficient genetic variation in these immunological traits among sires of high genetic merit for milk production to potentially improve the immunocompetence of periparturient cows through planned mating experiments.
对137头围产期荷斯坦奶牛的20项与先天性和适应性免疫相关性状的检测数据进行了评估。这些奶牛通过计划交配被选出来，具有四种不同水平的产奶量（高和平均产奶磅数，以及高和平均乳脂加蛋白磅数）。在多达七代的时间里，通过将每个品系的雌性与相应优良性状的雄性交配来培育遗传品系。除了嗜中性粒细胞对金黄色葡萄球菌的吞噬作用和定向迁移外，所有测量嗜中性粒细胞功能的检测在产犊前2至3周开始至产犊后3周都受到抑制。在产犊前后，免疫球蛋白G1的血清浓度下降，而免疫球蛋白G2的血清浓度上升。血清补体和凝集素浓度在产犊前下降，并在产犊时达到最低水平。选择高产奶量（产奶磅数和乳脂加蛋白磅数）的奶牛，其循环嗜中性粒细胞和单核细胞数量显著更高（P<0.10），嗜中性粒细胞静息化学发光更高（P<0.10），嗜中性粒细胞定向迁移更高（P<0.10），比具有平均生产潜力的奶牛更高。对于我们测试的大多数与免疫系统相关的性状，父系后代组存在显著差异（P<0.001）。这些结果可以被认为是令人鼓舞的，因为选择高产奶量并没有在免疫功能性状的功能能力上产生不利的相关反应，并且在高产奶遗传优良的父系中，这些免疫性状存在足够的遗传变异，有可能通过计划交配实验提高围产期奶牛的免疫能力。
