Plakhov I V, Arlund E E, Aoki C, Reiss C S
Biology Department, New York University, New York 10003-5181, USA.
Virology. 1995 May 10;209(1):257-62. doi: 10.1006/viro.1995.1252.
After intranasal instillation of mice with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), olfactory receptor neurons are infected. By 12 to 24 hr postinfection, VSV antigens are observed in adjoining supporting and basal cells and in other structures of the olfactory epithelium and lamina propria. Peripheral deafferentation of the olfactory epithelium with Triton X-100 or bilateral surgical bulbectomy does not prevent spread of VSV to the central nervous system (CNS); the route of spread differs considerably from the route taken when the olfactory nerve is intact. In contrast to rabies virus and HSV-1, VSV does not use the trigeminal nerve for entry into the brain, as the trigeminal ganglion remains virus-free following intranasal infection. These results indicate that VSV has a strong tropism for olfactory receptor cells, using them for entry into the CNS. Both retrograde and anterograde transneuronal and nonneuronal (ependymal cells and cerebrospinal fluid) pathways are utilized by VSV within the CNS.
给小鼠经鼻内接种水疱性口炎病毒（VSV）后，嗅觉受体神经元会被感染。在感染后12至24小时，在相邻的支持细胞和基底细胞以及嗅觉上皮和固有层的其他结构中可观察到VSV抗原。用曲拉通X-100对嗅觉上皮进行外周去传入或双侧手术切除嗅球并不能阻止VSV扩散至中枢神经系统（CNS）；其传播途径与嗅神经完整时的传播途径有很大不同。与狂犬病病毒和单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）不同，VSV进入大脑不通过三叉神经，因为鼻内感染后三叉神经节仍无病毒。这些结果表明，VSV对嗅觉受体细胞具有很强的嗜性，利用它们进入中枢神经系统。VSV在中枢神经系统内利用逆行和顺行跨神经元以及非神经元（室管膜细胞和脑脊液）途径。
