Barnett E M, Perlman S
Neuroscience Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
Virology. 1993 May;194(1):185-91. doi: 10.1006/viro.1993.1248.
Several viruses, including mouse hepatitis virus strain JHM (MHV-JHM), enter the brain after intranasal inoculation and spread transneuronally to other parts of the central nervous system (CNS). Both the olfactory and trigeminal nerves innervate the nasal cavity and are potential portals of virus entry into the CNS. To evaluate the relative importance of each nerve for MHV infection, mice were infected under conditions that discriminated between trigeminal and olfactory nerve entry. When olfactory nerve entry was selectively eliminated by surgical removal of both olfactory bulbs or by chemical destruction of the olfactory epithelium, MHV-JHM spread into the CNS was completely prevented. On the other hand, direct inoculation into the olfactory bulb, which eliminates all entry via the trigeminal nerve, had no effect on the pattern of virus infection. Thus MHV-JHM enters the CNS via the olfactory nerve after intranasal inoculation while entry via the trigeminal nerve is an insignificant part of this process.
包括小鼠肝炎病毒JHM株（MHV-JHM）在内的几种病毒，经鼻内接种后进入大脑，并通过神经元传播至中枢神经系统（CNS）的其他部位。嗅觉神经和三叉神经均支配鼻腔，是病毒进入CNS的潜在途径。为评估每条神经在MHV感染中的相对重要性，在区分三叉神经和嗅觉神经进入途径的条件下对小鼠进行感染。当通过手术切除双侧嗅球或化学破坏嗅觉上皮选择性消除嗅觉神经进入途径时，可完全阻止MHV-JHM扩散至CNS。另一方面，直接接种到嗅球（这消除了通过三叉神经的所有进入途径）对病毒感染模式没有影响。因此，鼻内接种后MHV-JHM通过嗅觉神经进入CNS，而通过三叉神经进入在这一过程中作用不大。
