Wolswijk G
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, London, England.
Glia. 1995 Jan;13(1):13-26. doi: 10.1002/glia.440130103.
A recent study has shown that ramified microglia in the adult rat optic nerve express the ganglioside GD3 [Wolswijk Glia 10:244-249, 1994], thereby raising the possibility that some GD3+ in the developing rat central nervous system (CNS) belong to the microglial lineage rather than to the oligodendrocyte lineage, as previously thought. To examine this possibility, sections of postnatal and adult cerebellum were double-labelled with markers for rat microglia [the B4 isolectin derived from Griffonia simplicifolia (GSI-B4), the ED1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), and the OX-42 mAb] and anti-GD3 mAbs (the mAbs R24 and LB1). These immunolabellings showed that ramified microglia as well as amoeboid microglia are strongly GD3+ in vivo. Moreover, most, if not all, cells that express high levels of GD3 in sections of developing cerebellum appear to belong to the microglial lineage. These observations contradict previous suggestions that the strongly GD3+ cells in the putative white matter regions of the developing brain are oligodendrocyte-type-2 astrocyte (O-2A) progenitor cells; the cells that give rise to oligodendrocytes in the CNS. The present study did, however, confirm that some O-2A progenitor cells in sections of postnatal cerebellum are weakly GD3+ in vivo. Amoeboid microglia are present in areas of the developing cerebellum where newly generated oligodendrocytes are found, suggesting that these cells play a role in the phagocytosis of the large numbers of oligodendrocytes that die as part of CNS development.
最近的一项研究表明，成年大鼠视神经中的分支状小胶质细胞表达神经节苷脂GD3[Wolswijk Glia 10:244 - 249, 1994]，从而增加了一种可能性，即发育中的大鼠中枢神经系统（CNS）中一些GD3+细胞属于小胶质细胞谱系，而不是如先前认为的属于少突胶质细胞谱系。为了检验这种可能性，对出生后和成年小脑的切片用大鼠小胶质细胞的标记物[源自西非豆（GSI - B4）的B4异凝集素、ED1单克隆抗体（mAb）和OX - 42 mAb]以及抗GD3 mAb（mAb R24和LB1）进行双重标记。这些免疫标记显示，分支状小胶质细胞以及阿米巴样小胶质细胞在体内均强烈表达GD3+。此外，在发育中小脑切片中，大多数（如果不是全部）高表达GD3的细胞似乎属于小胶质细胞谱系。这些观察结果与之前的观点相矛盾，之前认为发育中大脑假定白质区域中强烈表达GD3+的细胞是少突胶质细胞2型星形胶质细胞（O - 2A）祖细胞，即中枢神经系统中产生少突胶质细胞的细胞。然而，本研究确实证实，出生后小脑切片中的一些O - 2A祖细胞在体内弱表达GD3+。阿米巴样小胶质细胞存在于发育中小脑发现新生少突胶质细胞的区域，这表明这些细胞在吞噬作为中枢神经系统发育一部分而死亡的大量少突胶质细胞中发挥作用。
