Norton W T
Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA.
Neurochem Res. 1996 Apr;21(4):495-503. doi: 10.1007/BF02527715.
Remyelination occurs in the adult central nervous system following a wide variety of experimental and naturally occurring demyelinating conditions, including multiple sclerosis. Remyelination is preceded by the appearance of new oligodendrocytes. These new cells may be generated from glial precursor cells, or from pre-existing differentiated oligodendrocytes that re-enter the cell cycle, which may first dedifferentiate, or both processes may occur. The evidence for the source of new oligodendrocytes following toxic or immune-mediated lesions is reviewed. Good evidence exists that fully differentiated oligodendrocytes can incorporate [3H]thymidine but this may be a rare event. Most of the evidence points towards glial precursor cells as the source of new oligodendrocytes in the adult, but definitive experiments have not yet been done. Research strategies, using our current knowledge and techniques, are outlined for solving this problem.
在包括多发性硬化症在内的多种实验性和自然发生的脱髓鞘疾病后，成年中枢神经系统会发生再髓鞘化。再髓鞘化之前会出现新的少突胶质细胞。这些新细胞可能由神经胶质前体细胞产生，或者由重新进入细胞周期的已分化少突胶质细胞产生，后者可能首先去分化，或者两种过程都可能发生。本文综述了毒性或免疫介导损伤后新少突胶质细胞来源的证据。有充分证据表明，完全分化的少突胶质细胞可以掺入[3H]胸腺嘧啶核苷，但这可能是一个罕见事件。大多数证据表明，神经胶质前体细胞是成年后新少突胶质细胞的来源，但尚未进行确定性实验。本文概述了利用我们目前的知识和技术来解决这一问题的研究策略。
