Yevich S J, Sánchez J L, DeFraites R F, Rives C C, Dawson J E, Uhaa I J, Johnson B J, Fishbein D B
Department of Field Studies, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, USA.
J Infect Dis. 1995 May;171(5):1266-73. doi: 10.1093/infdis/171.5.1266.
A prospective, seroepidemiologic study of spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) and Ehrlichia infections was done among 1194 US military personnel exposed in a heavily tick-infested area of Arkansas in 1990. Seroconversion (4-fold) and seroprevalence rates were determined by indirect immunofluorescent antibody assays. Seroconversions to SFGR occurred in 30 persons (2.5%), whereas seroconversion to Ehrlichia species occurred in 15 (1.3%). The majority of seroconverters did not report symptoms (22/30 [73%] of SFGR seroconverters; 10/15 [67%] of Ehrlichia species seroconverters). History of tick attachment was associated with seroconversion to SFGR (relative risk [RR] = 4.3, P < .001) and Ehrlichia species (RR = 3.6, P < .05). Use of permethrin-impregnated uniforms significantly decreased risk of infection (P < .01); use of bed nets increased risk by 4-fold. Tickborne infections represent a significant threat to military personnel training in areas in which these infections are endemic.
1990年，在阿肯色州蜱虫大量滋生的地区，对1194名有暴露风险的美国军事人员进行了一项关于斑点热群立克次体（SFGR）和埃立克体感染的前瞻性血清流行病学研究。通过间接免疫荧光抗体试验确定血清转化（4倍增长）和血清阳性率。30人（2.5%）出现了针对SFGR的血清转化，而15人（1.3%）出现了针对埃立克体属的血清转化。大多数血清转化者没有报告症状（SFGR血清转化者中有22/30 [73%]；埃立克体属血清转化者中有10/15 [67%]）。蜱虫附着史与针对SFGR的血清转化（相对风险[RR]=4.3，P<.001）和埃立克体属（RR=3.6，P<.05）相关。使用氯菊酯浸渍制服显著降低了感染风险（P<.01）；使用蚊帐使风险增加了4倍。蜱媒感染对这些感染流行地区的军事人员训练构成了重大威胁。
