Jorm A F
NH & MRC Social Psychiatry Research Unit, Australian National University, Canberra.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1995 Mar;30(2):53-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00794942.
The evidence is reviewed on factors that might affect the onset of new depressive symptoms (destabilization) or loss of depressive symptoms (restitution) in the elderly. These factors are grouped into three broad categories: health-related factors (physical ill health, disability, and dementia and cognitive impairment); social factors (living in a nursing home, social support, bereavement, caring for a disabled person); and personal vulnerability factors (level of depressive symptoms at previous time points, history of depression, personality). The possible implications for preventing destabilization, aiding restitution and identifying high-risk groups are considered. Many of the factors are not easily modifiable, but there is potential for intervention with the physically ill and care givers. The physically ill may also merit routine screening. As in younger age groups, the greatest and most difficult challenge is to modify personal vulnerability.
本文综述了可能影响老年人新发抑郁症状（症状恶化）或抑郁症状消失（症状恢复）的相关因素。这些因素大致分为三大类：与健康相关的因素（身体不健康、残疾、痴呆和认知障碍）；社会因素（住在养老院、社会支持、丧亲之痛、照顾残疾人）；以及个人易感性因素（之前时间点的抑郁症状水平、抑郁病史、性格）。文中还考虑了这些因素对预防症状恶化、促进症状恢复以及识别高危人群可能产生的影响。许多因素不易改变，但对身体患病者和护理人员进行干预具有可能性。身体患病者或许也值得进行常规筛查。与年轻人群体一样，最大且最具挑战性的任务是改变个人易感性。
