Phipps S, Fairclough D, Mulhern R K
Division of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38101-0318, USA.
J Pediatr Psychol. 1995 Apr;20(2):217-32. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/20.2.217.
Compared coping styles in children with cancer (n = 66) and a normative control group of healthy children (n = 414), using a newly designed instrument, the Children's Behavioral Style Scale (CBSS). We hypothesized that children in the oncology group would make greater use of an avoidant coping style (blunting) than controls. Results confirmed the primary hypothesis; children with cancer endorsed greater use of blunting or avoidant coping than did healthy children. A new conceptual model of coping style was introduced utilizing CBSS scores to identify children as Monitors, Blunters, Active, or Passive copers. Using this model, a similar proportion of Active and Passive copers were found in both groups, while the shift towards Blunting in the oncology group was accentuated. Within the oncology group, a positive relationship between Blunting scores and time elapsed since diagnosis was observed, suggesting that the increased Blunting in children with cancer is a reactive phenomenon, at least partly a response to the contingencies of cancer and its' treatment. These findings may provide an alternative interpretation to previous reports of increased defensiveness and repression in children with cancer.
使用新设计的儿童行为方式量表（CBSS），比较了癌症患儿（n = 66）与正常健康儿童对照组（n = 414）的应对方式。我们假设肿瘤组儿童比对照组更多地使用回避应对方式（情感迟钝）。结果证实了主要假设；癌症患儿比健康儿童更倾向于使用情感迟钝或回避应对方式。引入了一种新的应对方式概念模型，利用CBSS分数将儿童分为监测型、情感迟钝型、积极型或消极型应对者。使用该模型，在两组中发现积极型和消极型应对者的比例相似，而肿瘤组向情感迟钝型的转变更为明显。在肿瘤组内，观察到情感迟钝分数与确诊后的时间之间存在正相关关系，这表明癌症患儿情感迟钝的增加是一种反应性现象，至少部分是对癌症及其治疗意外情况的反应。这些发现可能为先前关于癌症患儿防御性和压抑增加的报道提供另一种解释。
