Kozempel M, Kurantz M
Engineering Science Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19118.
J Chem Technol Biotechnol. 1994 Mar;59(3):265-9. doi: 10.1002/jctb.280590309.
A continuous reactor process was developed to produce lactulose from lactose. A system of two CSTRs in series with a tubular finishing reactor gave conversion to lactulose of about 76%. The reactors ran at 71-75 degrees C with a volumetric hold-up in the CSTRs of 22.7 dm3 and in the tubular reactor of 2.6 dm3. Each CSTR had a nominal residence time of 44 min. The flow rate was 0.53 dm3 min-1.