Dushnik-Levinson M, Benvenisty N
Department of Genetics, Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
Biol Neonate. 1995;67(2):77-83. doi: 10.1159/000244147.
Embryogenesis is the fundamental process of differentiation of all tissues from a fertilized egg. This process involves establishment of distinct stem cells that will later differentiate to all cell types. Recently, lines of embryonic stem cells have been established in culture from blastocysts. The cells are pluripotent and can differentiate in vivo to all lineages. Interestingly, differentiation of these cells can also be induced in vitro. Morphological and molecular events that are characteristic of the development of the embryo can be mimicked in vitro by growing the cells under controlled conditions. Furthermore, the process of early development can now be studied and manipulated in vitro and specific lineages of stem cells can be obtained and grown in culture.
胚胎发生是受精卵分化形成所有组织的基本过程。这一过程涉及到建立独特的干细胞，这些干细胞随后会分化为所有细胞类型。最近，已从囊胚中建立了胚胎干细胞系。这些细胞具有多能性，能在体内分化为所有谱系。有趣的是，这些细胞的分化也可在体外诱导。通过在可控条件下培养这些细胞，可在体外模拟胚胎发育所特有的形态学和分子事件。此外，现在可以在体外研究和操控早期发育过程，还能在培养中获得并培养特定谱系的干细胞。
