Lisanti M P, Tang Z, Scherer P E, Kübler E, Koleske A J, Sargiacomo M
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142-1479, USA.
Mol Membr Biol. 1995 Jan-Mar;12(1):121-4. doi: 10.3109/09687689509038506.
Caveolae are approximately 50-100 nm membrane micro-invaginations associated with the plasma membrane of a wide variety of cells. Although they were first identified in transmission electron micrographs approximately 40 years ago, their exact function(s) has remained controversial. Two well-established functions include: (1) the transcytosis of both large and small molecules across capillary endothelial cells and (2) the utilization of GPI-linked proteins to concentrate small molecules in caveolae for translocation to the cytoplasm (termed potocytosis). Recently, interest in a 'third' proposed caveolar function, namely transmembrane signalling, has been revived by the identification of caveolin--a transformation-dependent v-Src substrate and caveolar marker protein--and the isolation of caveolin-rich membrane domains from cultured cells. Here we will discuss existing evidence that suggests a role for caveolae in signalling events.
小窝是与多种细胞的质膜相关的约50 - 100纳米的膜微内陷结构。尽管它们大约在40年前首次在透射电子显微镜图像中被识别出来，但其确切功能仍存在争议。两个已被充分证实的功能包括：（1）大分子和小分子跨毛细血管内皮细胞的转胞吞作用；（2）利用糖基磷脂酰肌醇（GPI）连接蛋白将小分子浓缩在小窝中以便转运到细胞质（称为穿胞吞饮作用）。最近，通过对小窝蛋白（一种与转化相关的v - Src底物和小窝标记蛋白）的鉴定以及从培养细胞中分离富含小窝蛋白的膜结构域，人们对小窝的“第三种”推测功能（即跨膜信号传导）的兴趣再度兴起。在这里，我们将讨论表明小窝在信号传导事件中起作用的现有证据。
