Scharf K E, Lawson W, Shapiro J M, Gannon P J
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Laryngoscope. 1995 Jun;105(6):570-4. doi: 10.1288/00005537-199506000-00002.
Occlusion of the maxillary ostium is considered to be a key factor in the pathogenesis of maxillary sinusitis. In this study, the authors determined the effect of ostial occlusion on pressure in the rabbit maxillary sinus which, like most humans, has only one ostium. We compared pressures in the normal and occluded maxillary sinus and the nasal cavity during spontaneous breathing in anesthetized adult animals. Serial pressure measurements were obtained from sinuses with patent ostia in nasal-breathing rabbits and with occluded ostia in both nasal-breathing and tracheotomized animals. Sinuses with patent ostia showed pressure curves synchronous with the respiratory cycle. Inspiratory and expiratory pressures in the nasal cavity and the sinus were isobaric. Sinuses with occluded ostia initially developed a positive pressure followed by a negative pressure that reached a subatmospheric plateau of -28.2 +/- 7.3 mm H2O (mean +/- standard deviation [SD]) within 20 to 50 minutes. This is the first quantitative study of sinus pressures using the rabbit as an animal model. The findings may contribute to a better understanding of the role of ostial occlusion in the pathogenesis of maxillary sinusitis in humans.
上颌窦口阻塞被认为是上颌窦炎发病机制中的一个关键因素。在本研究中，作者确定了窦口阻塞对兔上颌窦压力的影响，兔的上颌窦与大多数人类一样，只有一个窦口。我们比较了麻醉成年动物在自主呼吸时正常和阻塞的上颌窦及鼻腔内的压力。对经鼻呼吸的兔开放窦口的鼻窦以及经鼻呼吸和气管切开动物阻塞窦口的鼻窦进行了连续压力测量。开放窦口的鼻窦显示压力曲线与呼吸周期同步。鼻腔和鼻窦内的吸气和呼气压力是等压的。阻塞窦口的鼻窦最初产生正压，随后产生负压，在20至50分钟内达到-28.2±7.3 mm H2O（平均值±标准差[SD]）的低于大气压的平台期。这是以兔为动物模型对鼻窦压力进行的首次定量研究。这些发现可能有助于更好地理解窦口阻塞在人类上颌窦炎发病机制中的作用。
