Baumann S L
Nurs Sci Q. 1995 Summer;8(2):65-70. doi: 10.1177/089431849500800208.
In the past decade there has been a dramatic rise in the number of children living in shelters in the United States. The traditional literature suggests that these children are at risk for various developmental, educational, and health problems, and that they are in need of assistance. Psychoanalytic theory and Parse's human becoming theory have fundamentally different views of human nature and of human activities such as artistic expression. While both theories can contribute to the present understanding of the experience of children in shelters and provide frameworks for a shelter-based nursing practice, it is suggested in this article that psychoanalytic theory is reductionistic and prescriptive and may close rather than open new possibilities.
在过去十年里，美国居住在收容所的儿童数量急剧上升。传统文献表明，这些儿童面临各种发育、教育和健康问题的风险，并且他们需要援助。精神分析理论和Parse的人类生成理论对人性以及诸如艺术表达等人类活动有着根本不同的观点。虽然这两种理论都有助于目前对收容所儿童经历的理解，并为基于收容所的护理实践提供框架，但本文认为精神分析理论是还原论的且具有规定性，可能会封闭而非开启新的可能性。
