Bürgi W
Zentrallaboratorium, Kantonsspital Aarau.
Ther Umsch. 1995 May;52(5):334-9.
The spectrum of analyses of a hematological laboratory comprises the counts of erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets, the determinations of the hemoglobin concentration and of the hematocrit, the calculation of the red cell indices and the microscopic examination of the blood film. The determination of white blood cells, platelets, hematocrit and MCV as well as staining of the blood film should be performed within two hours after blood sampling. The hemoglobin concentration, red-cell count and MCH value remain constant for five days, provided that the blood samples is stored at 4 degrees C. The recognition of morphologically 'minor' pathological findings is important in view of the possible clinical significance that they might have. In the case of thrombotic-thrombocytopenic purpura, for instance, it is very important that the fragmentocytes are recognized and recorded. The grading of pathological findings by use of +, ++, is based on strict limits of ranges. Quality control and quality assurance are integral parts of the daily laboratory performance; moreover, the importance of external quality control in morphological hematology is stressed as being a challenge to the hematological laboratory technologist.
血液学实验室的分析项目包括红细胞、白细胞和血小板计数，血红蛋白浓度和血细胞比容测定，红细胞指数计算以及血涂片显微镜检查。白细胞、血小板、血细胞比容和平均红细胞体积的测定以及血涂片染色应在采血后两小时内完成。如果血样保存在4摄氏度，血红蛋白浓度、红细胞计数和平均红细胞血红蛋白含量值在五天内保持不变。鉴于形态学上“轻微”病理发现可能具有的临床意义，对其识别很重要。例如，在血栓性血小板减少性紫癜病例中，识别并记录破碎红细胞非常重要。使用+、++等对病理发现进行分级是基于严格的范围限制。质量控制和质量保证是日常实验室工作的组成部分；此外，强调外部质量控制在形态学血液学中的重要性，这对血液学实验室技术人员来说是一项挑战。
