Overmeyer S, Blanz B, Schmidt M H, Rose F, Schmidbauer M
Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrische Klinik, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit Mannheim.
Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr. 1995 Mar;23(1):35-43.
Twenty-six patients diagnosed with school refusal were examined 2.4 years after inpatient treatment. The long-term course of patients with "school phobia" (school refusal unrelated to school) and that of patients with "school anxiety" (school refusal related to school) were compared. In addition, an attempt was made to identify variables predictive of a good outcome. The mean age of the 12 patients with "school phobia" and the 14 patients with "school anxiety" was 12.7 years at the start of inpatient treatment. The assessment of psychiatric disturbances was based on structured interviews for parents and adolescents (MEI and MADEL, 1989) and the dimensional assessment scales of functioning for children and adolescents (MSBF). The variables assessed for predictive value were taken from the patients' records during inpatient treatment and from the hospital documentation system. There was no difference in outcome between the two syndrome groups. There was a tendency to less autonomy in the patients with "school phobia". Girls had a better outcome than boys, as did patients with less absence from school prior to inpatient treatment. Overall there was no difference in the outcome of "school phobia" and "school anxiety". Therefore a new classification should be considered.
26名被诊断为学校恐惧症的患者在住院治疗2.4年后接受了检查。对“学校恐惧症”（与学校无关的学校拒绝）患者和“学校焦虑症”（与学校相关的学校拒绝）患者的长期病程进行了比较。此外，还试图确定可预测良好预后的变量。12名“学校恐惧症”患者和14名“学校焦虑症”患者在住院治疗开始时的平均年龄为12.7岁。精神障碍评估基于对家长和青少年的结构化访谈（MEI和MADEL，1989年）以及儿童和青少年功能维度评估量表（MSBF）。评估预测价值的变量取自患者住院治疗期间的记录和医院文档系统。两个综合征组的预后没有差异。“学校恐惧症”患者存在自主性较低的倾向。女孩的预后比男孩好，住院治疗前缺课较少的患者也是如此。总体而言，“学校恐惧症”和“学校焦虑症”的预后没有差异。因此，应考虑一种新的分类方法。
