Last C G, Strauss C C
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1990 Jan;29(1):31-5. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199001000-00006.
The characteristics of anxiety-based school refusal were examined in 63 school refusing children and adolescents referred to an outpatient anxiety disorder clinic. Patients were assessed on sociodemographic, diagnostic, and personality variables, as well as familial history of school refusal. Results suggest that there are two primary diagnostic "subgroups" of school refusers--separation anxious and phobic. Phobic school refusers had a later age of onset and showed more pervasive (severe) school refusal than separation anxious school refusers. By contrast, separation anxious school refusers were more likely than phobic school refusers to have mothers who had a history of school refusal problems. The implications of these findings are discussed.
在一家门诊焦虑症诊所就诊的63名拒绝上学的儿童和青少年中，对基于焦虑的学校拒绝行为特征进行了研究。对患者的社会人口统计学、诊断和人格变量以及学校拒绝行为的家族史进行了评估。结果表明，学校拒绝病例主要可分为两个“次要诊断组”——分离焦虑症型和恐惧症型。恐惧症型学校拒绝病例的起病年龄较晚，且比分离焦虑症性学校拒绝病例表现出更普遍（严重）的学校拒学行为。相比之下，分离焦虑症性学校拒绝病例的母亲比恐惧症型学校拒绝病例的母亲更有可能有过学校拒绝问题的病史。本文对这些研究结果的意义进行了讨论。
