Buitelaar J K, van Andel H, Duyx J H, van Strien D C
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Utrecht University Hospital, The Netherlands.
Acta Paedopsychiatr. 1994;56(4):249-53.
Twenty-five adolescents referred to an outpatient clinic because of school refusal in 1985-1986 were followed up after an average of 5 years. DSM-III diagnoses and scores on the Maudsley Symptom Checklist were obtained at initial contact and a follow-up. At follow-up, information was also gathered on psychosocial adjustment, and subjects completed self-ratings of anxiety and depression. At initial contact, school refusal was associated mainly with anxiety symptoms, and to a lesser extent with depressive and somatoform disorders. No specific relationships were found between diagnoses at baseline and at follow-up. About half of the sample still had a psychiatric disorder at follow-up. Outcome was negatively associated with a history of previous psychosocial or psychiatric treatment and a small family size, and positively with a history of frequent somatic complaints.
1985年至1986年间，因拒绝上学而被转介至门诊诊所的25名青少年，在平均5年后接受了随访。在初次接触和随访时，获取了DSM-III诊断结果以及莫兹利症状清单的得分。在随访时，还收集了心理社会适应方面的信息，并且受试者完成了焦虑和抑郁的自评。在初次接触时，拒绝上学主要与焦虑症状相关，在较小程度上与抑郁和躯体形式障碍相关。在基线诊断和随访诊断之间未发现特定关系。约一半的样本在随访时仍患有精神障碍。结果与既往心理社会或精神治疗史以及家庭规模小呈负相关，与频繁出现躯体不适的病史呈正相关。
