Aran J M, Chappert C, Dulon D, Erre J P, Aurousseau C
Laboratoire d'Audiologie Expérimentale, Inserm U 229, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France.
Hear Res. 1995 Feb;82(2):179-83. doi: 10.1016/0378-5955(94)00175-p.
The distribution of amikacin (AK), an exclusive cochleo-toxic aminoglycosidic antibiotic (AA), and of gentamicin (GM), which is both cochleo- and vestibulo-toxic, has been studied in cochlear and vestibular hair cells. Guinea pigs were treated during six days with one daily injection of AK (450 mg/kg/day) or GM (60 mg/kg/day). AAs were detected, using immunocytochemical technique with scanning laser confocal microscopy, in isolated cells from guinea pigs sacrificed from 2 to 30 days after the end of the treatments. Results demonstrate a rapid uptake (as soon as after 2-day treatment) of both AAs by cochlear and vestibular hair cells and a very slow clearance. Particularly GM and AK are detected in type I and type II hair cells of the utricles and cristae ampullaris. The presence of these two molecules with different toxic potentialities towards cochlear and vestibular hair cells indicates that the selective ototoxicity of aminoglycosides cannot be explained simply on the basis of particular uptake and accumulation in the different sensory hair cells.
已对阿米卡星（AK，一种独特的具有耳蜗毒性的氨基糖苷类抗生素）和庆大霉素（GM，兼具耳蜗毒性和前庭毒性）在耳蜗和前庭毛细胞中的分布情况进行了研究。豚鼠连续六天每天注射一次AK（450毫克/千克/天）或GM（60毫克/千克/天）。在治疗结束后2至30天处死的豚鼠的分离细胞中，采用免疫细胞化学技术结合扫描激光共聚焦显微镜检测氨基糖苷类抗生素。结果表明，耳蜗和前庭毛细胞对这两种氨基糖苷类抗生素均有快速摄取（治疗2天后即出现）且清除非常缓慢。特别是在椭圆囊和壶腹嵴的I型和II型毛细胞中检测到了GM和AK。这两种对耳蜗和前庭毛细胞具有不同毒性潜力的分子的存在表明，氨基糖苷类抗生素的选择性耳毒性不能简单地基于其在不同感觉毛细胞中的特定摄取和积累来解释。
