Noguchi M, Rose D P, Earashi M, Miyazaki I
Department of Surgery (II), Kanazawa University Hospital, School of Medicine, Japan.
Oncology. 1995 Jul-Aug;52(4):265-71. doi: 10.1159/000227471.
We have reviewed the literature concerning the role of fatty acids and eicosanoid synthesis inhibitors in breast carcinoma. The omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), primarily linoleic acid, promote breast cancer tumorigenesis and tumor cell proliferation directly and indirectly via increased synthesis of cyclooxygenase- and lipoxygenase-catalyzed products. The omega-3 PUFAs, primarily docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), suppress breast carcinoma tumorigenesis and tumor cell proliferation, although the effect of DHA may be partly ascribed to increased amounts of EPA derived from DHA. Both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitors suppress tumorigenesis and/or tumor proliferation, with the latter being more active. Thus, arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids play an important role in breast cancer, and the balance of the various eicosanoids may be a critical determinant of cell proliferation. However, the exact mechanism by which fatty acids and eicosanoid synthesis inhibitors exert stimulatory and inhibitory effects on breast carcinoma is still not well understood.
我们回顾了有关脂肪酸和类花生酸合成抑制剂在乳腺癌中作用的文献。ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs），主要是亚油酸，通过增加环氧化酶和脂氧合酶催化产物的合成，直接和间接地促进乳腺癌的肿瘤发生和肿瘤细胞增殖。ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸，主要是二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）和二十碳五烯酸（EPA），抑制乳腺癌的肿瘤发生和肿瘤细胞增殖，尽管DHA的作用可能部分归因于从DHA衍生而来的EPA量的增加。环氧化酶和脂氧合酶抑制剂均能抑制肿瘤发生和/或肿瘤增殖，其中后者活性更强。因此，花生四烯酸衍生的类花生酸在乳腺癌中起重要作用，各种类花生酸之间的平衡可能是细胞增殖的关键决定因素。然而，脂肪酸和类花生酸合成抑制剂对乳腺癌产生刺激和抑制作用的确切机制仍未完全清楚。
