Luo N, Kasolo F, Ngwenya B K, du Pont H L, Zumla A
Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.
S Afr Med J. 1995 Mar;85(3):156-7.
Saliva has been recommended as a safe and effective alternative to serum for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for HIV antibodies in surveillance programmes in developing countries. We evaluated the use of saliva specimens for detection of HIV antibodies using three different commercially available ELISAs. Saliva specimens from 107 patients selected at random from HIV high-risk (38), medium-risk (27) and low-risk (42) areas of the hospital were screened with the Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 GACELISA VK61 (recommended for use with saliva), Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 VK54/55 and Wellcozyme HIV-1 recombinant VK56/57. Of the 107 patients, 50 were positive and 57 negative for antibodies to HIV on confirmatory Western blot testing. For detection of antibodies to HIV in saliva, the Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 GACELISA VK61 had a sensitivity and a specificity of 98%, the Wellcozyme HIV-1 recombinant VK56/57 a sensitivity and specificity of 96%, and the Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 VK54/55 a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 95%. For detection of antibodies to HIV in serum, the Wellcozyme HIV-1 recombinant VK56/57 had a sensitivity and a specificity of 100%, the Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 GACELISA VK61 a sensitivity and a specificity of 98%, and the Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 VK54/55 a sensitivity and a specificity of 96%. This study illustrates that saliva can be used as an alternative to serum for screening for anti-HIV antibodies in African patients.
在发展中国家的监测项目中，唾液已被推荐为用于酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测HIV抗体的一种安全有效的血清替代物。我们使用三种不同的市售ELISA评估了唾液标本用于检测HIV抗体的情况。从医院的HIV高风险（38例）、中风险（27例）和低风险（42例）区域随机选取107例患者的唾液标本，用Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 GACELISA VK61（推荐用于唾液检测）、Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 VK54/55和Wellcozyme HIV-1重组VK56/57进行筛查。在这107例患者中，经确证性免疫印迹检测，50例HIV抗体呈阳性，57例呈阴性。对于检测唾液中的HIV抗体，Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 GACELISA VK61的敏感性和特异性均为98%，Wellcozyme HIV-1重组VK56/57的敏感性和特异性均为96%，Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 VK54/55的敏感性为94%，特异性为95%。对于检测血清中的HIV抗体，Wellcozyme HIV-1重组VK56/57的敏感性和特异性均为100%，Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 GACELISA VK61的敏感性和特异性均为98%，Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 VK54/55的敏感性和特异性均为96%。本研究表明，唾液可作为血清的替代物用于非洲患者抗HIV抗体的筛查。
