Fiedler N, Kipen H, Deluca J, Kelly-McNeil K, Natelson B
UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway 08855, USA.
Toxicol Ind Health. 1994 Jul-Oct;10(4-5):545-54.
Neurological symptoms are frequently reported by patients with multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS). Methods to compare the psychiatric, personality, and neuropsychological function of patients with MCS, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and normal controls are described. Increased rates of Axis I psychiatric diagnoses are observed in the literature for MCS and CFS subjects relative to controls. Findings on the MMPI-2 and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale reveal profiles consistent with the tendency to report somatic rather than emotional symptoms in response to stress. However, many of the reported somatic symptoms also coincide with those found in neurologic disorders. The overall neuropsychological profile for MCS subjects does not reflect cognitive impairment. Relative to normal controls, the only difference in neuropsychological performance observed is reduced recognition of nontarget designs on a visual memory task. More fruitful areas for future psychological research will include measurement of the interaction between behavioral response styles and attentional processes in cognition, as well as observations under controlled challenge conditions.
多种化学物质敏感症（MCS）患者经常报告出现神经症状。本文描述了比较MCS患者、慢性疲劳综合征（CFS）患者和正常对照者的精神、人格和神经心理功能的方法。相对于对照组，文献中观察到MCS和CFS受试者的轴I精神疾病诊断率有所增加。明尼苏达多相人格测验第二版（MMPI - 2）和多伦多述情障碍量表的结果显示，其概况与应激反应中倾向于报告躯体症状而非情绪症状一致。然而，许多报告的躯体症状也与神经疾病中发现的症状相符。MCS受试者的整体神经心理概况并未反映出认知障碍。相对于正常对照者，在神经心理表现方面观察到的唯一差异是在视觉记忆任务中对非目标设计的识别能力下降。未来心理学研究更有成效的领域将包括测量认知中行为反应方式与注意力过程之间的相互作用，以及在可控激发条件下的观察。
